6/2/2023 0 Comments Thomas fermi screeningPolycrystalline CdS is used as a window layer, having many features such as high absorption coefficient, electron affinity, low resistivity, high optical transmittance, wide bandgap and good electrical properties that are suitable for solar cell fabrication and applications as well. NiO is a highly useful HTL within all TMOs due to its wide bandgap (3.5–3.8 eV) and high WF (5 eV). High WF transition metal oxides (TMOs) such as MoO X, V 2O 5, NiO and WO 3 were used as HTLs in several solar cells for performance improvement. This energy gap can be reduced by using a small resistive back contact with higher work function (WF). The energy gap at the absorber and back contact interface has a significant impact on the performance of the cell. SnS is an Earth-abundant material which can be manufactured at low cost. Tin monosulphide (SnS) has been developed as a significant absorbent layer in thin-film solar cells having various advantages such as a high absorption coefficient that allows SnS to absorb a considerable portion of the spectrum.
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